[ "This file is public domain data.", "===verb stems===", "'e' stem used for potential and ba", { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": [ "く", "す", "つ", "う", "る", "ぐ", "ぶ", "ぬ", "む", "る", "う", "く" ], "con_end": [ "け", "せ", "て", "え", "れ", "げ", "べ", "ね", "め", "れ", "え", "け" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5k", "v5s", "v5t", "v5u", "v5r", "v5g", "v5b", "v5n", "v5m", "v1", "v5u-s", "v5k-s" ], "con_tag": "stem-izenkei", "detail": "(izenkei)" }, "the potential of v5r-i verbs does not use a simple e ending, it uses the ren'youkei (infinitive) followed by える, thus ありえる", { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "れ", "dec_tag": "v5r-i", "con_tag": "stem-e", "detail": "(izenkei)" }, { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "", "dec_tag": "stem-izenkei", "con_tag": "stem-e", "detail": "" }, "true imperative", { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": [ "く", "す", "つ", "う", "る", "る", "ぐ", "ぶ", "ぬ", "む", "る", "る", "う", "く", "くる", "来る" ], "con_end": [ "け", "せ", "て", "え", "れ", "れ", "げ", "べ", "ね", "め", "ろ", "よ", "え", "け", "こい", "来い" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5k", "v5s", "v5t", "v5u", "v5r", "v5r-i", "v5g", "v5b", "v5n", "v5m", "v1", "v1", "v5u-s", "v5k-s", "vk", "vk" ], "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "imperative" }, "~a stem", { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": [ "く", "す", "つ", "う", "る", "ぐ", "ぶ", "ぬ", "む", "う", "く" ], "con_end": [ "か", "さ", "た", "わ", "ら", "が", "ば", "な", "ま", "わ", "か" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5k", "v5s", "v5t", "v5u", "v5r", "v5g", "v5b", "v5n", "v5m", "v5u-s", "v5k-s" ], "con_tag": "stem-a", "detail": "('a' stem)" }, "unvoiced past stems", { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": [ "く", "す", "つ", "う", "る", "る", "る", "う", "く" ], "con_end": [ "い", "し", "っ", "っ", "っ", "っ", "", "う", "っ" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5k", "v5s", "v5t", "v5u", "v5r", "v5r-i", "v1", "v5u-s", "v5k-s" ], "con_tag": "stem-ren-less", "detail": "(unstressed infinitive)" }, "voiced past stems", { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": [ "ぐ", "ぶ", "ぬ", "む" ], "con_end": [ "い", "ん", "ん", "ん" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5g", "v5b", "v5n", "v5m" ], "con_tag": "stem-ren-less-v", "detail": "(unstressed infinitive)" }, "infinitives (ren'youkei) that are different than the corresponding past stem", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": [ "く", "つ", "う", "る", "る", "ぐ", "ぶ", "ぬ", "む", "う", "く" ], "con_end": [ "き", "ち", "い", "り", "り", "ぎ", "び", "に", "み", "い", "き" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5k", "v5t", "v5u", "v5r", "v5r-i", "v5g", "v5b", "v5n", "v5m", "v5u-s", "v5k-s" ], "con_tag": "stem-ren", "detail": "(infinitive)" }, "ones that need the te trap", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": [ "す", "る" ], "con_end": [ "し", "" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5s", "v1" ], "con_tag": "stem-ren", "detail": "(infinitive)" }, "stem for negatives proper", { "type": "neverfinalrule", "dec_end": [ "", "る", "くる", "来る" ], "con_end": [ "", "", "こ", "来" ], "dec_tag": [ "stem-a", "v1", "vk", "vk", "vk" ], "con_tag": "stem-mizenkei", "detail": "(mizenkei)" }, "volitional/hortative form", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": [ "く", "す", "つ", "う", "る", "る", "ぐ", "ぶ", "ぬ", "む", "る", "う", "く" ], "con_end": [ "こう", "そう", "とう", "おう", "ろう", "ろう", "ごう", "ぼう", "のう", "もう", "よう", "おう", "こう" ], "dec_tag": [ "v5k", "v5s", "v5t", "v5u", "v5r", "v5r-i", "v5g", "v5b", "v5n", "v5m", "v1", "v5u-s", "v5k-s" ], "con_tag": "form-volition", "detail": "volitional" }, "===adjectives stems===", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "い", "con_end": "く", "dec_tag": "adj-i", "con_tag": "stem-ku", "detail": "(adverbial stem)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "い", "con_end": "か", "dec_tag": "adj-i", "con_tag": "stem-ka", "detail": "(ka stem)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "い", "con_end": "け", "dec_tag": "adj-i", "con_tag": "stem-ke", "detail": "(ke stem)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "い", "con_end": "", "dec_tag": "adj-i", "con_tag": "stem-adj-base", "detail": "(stem)" }, "Forms based on the bare adjective stem", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "すぎる", "dec_tag": "stem-adj-base", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "excess" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "そう", "dec_tag": "stem-adj-base", "con_tag": "adj-na", "detail": "seemingness" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "がる", "dec_tag": "stem-adj-base", "con_tag": "v5r", "detail": "garu" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "さ", "dec_tag": "stem-adj-base", "con_tag": "n", "detail": "noun form" }, "===common forms===", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "た", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less", "con_tag": "stem-past", "detail": "past" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "だ", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less-v", "con_tag": "stem-past", "detail": "past" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "った", "dec_tag": "stem-ka", "con_tag": "stem-past", "detail": "past" }, "we may want some te forms to only apply to verbs, not adjectives", "FIXME: need a way to not break ~ないでください, ~ないでいく, etc before we actually do it", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "て", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less", "con_tag": "stem-te-verbal", "detail": "(te form)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "で", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less-v", "con_tag": "stem-te-verbal", "detail": "(te form)" }, "tag alias", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": ["て", "で"], "con_end": ["て", "で"], "dec_tag": "stem-te-verbal", "con_tag": "stem-te", "detail": "" }, "now the te form for adjectives", "adjectives have two te forms, one of which is not used synthetically", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "で", "dec_tag": "adj-i", "con_tag": "stem-te", "detail": "(te form)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "で", "dec_tag": "stem-ku", "con_tag": "stem-te-defective", "detail": "(te form)" }, "nowhere else to put this", { "type": "rewriterule", "dec_end": "です", "con_end": "でした", "dec_tag": "exp", "con_tag": "stem-past", "detail": "past" }, { "type": "rewriterule", "dec_end": "です", "con_end": "でして", "dec_tag": "exp", "con_tag": "stem-te-verbal", "detail": "(te form)" }, "negatives", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ない", "dec_tag": "stem-mizenkei", "con_tag": "adj-i", "detail": "negative" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ん", "dec_tag": "stem-mizenkei", "con_tag": "adj-i", "detail": "slurred negative" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ず", "dec_tag": "stem-mizenkei", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "adverbial negative" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ずに", "dec_tag": "stem-mizenkei", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "without doing so" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ぬ", "dec_tag": "stem-mizenkei", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "archaic negative" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ない", "dec_tag": "stem-ku", "con_tag": "adj-i", "detail": "negative" }, "special negative inflections where the intermediate stage (e.g. 赤くある) is not a valid synthetic phrase like the end result (e.g. 赤くありません) is", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ありません", "dec_tag": "stem-ku", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "formal negative" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ありませんでした", "dec_tag": "stem-ku", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "formal negative past" }, "masu and its conjugations (allowing it to conjugate recursively causes problems because its grammar is unlike typical declarative verbs)", { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ます", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "polite" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ません", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "negative polite" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ました", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "past polite" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "まして", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "te polite" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ませんでした", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "past negative polite" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ましょう", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "polite volitional" }, "===conditional forms===", { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "たら", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "conditional" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "だら", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less-v", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "conditional" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ったら", "dec_tag": "stem-ka", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "conditional" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "たらば", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "formal conditional" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "だらば", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less-v", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "formal conditional" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ったらば", "dec_tag": "stem-ka", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "formal conditional" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ば", "dec_tag": "stem-e", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "provisional conditional" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "れば", "dec_tag": "stem-ke", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "provisional conditional" }, "===non-analytical forms===", "passive and potential", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "る", "dec_tag": "stem-izenkei", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "potential" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "りえる", "dec_tag": "v5r-i", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "potential" }, "note: ichidan (i.e. v1) verbs cannot conjugate to stem-a", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "れる", "dec_tag": "stem-a", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "passive" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "られる", "dec_tag": "v1", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "passive/potential" }, "causative", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "せる", "dec_tag": "stem-a", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "causative" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "させる", "dec_tag": "v1", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "causative" }, { "type": "contextrule", "contextrule": "saspecial", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "す", "dec_tag": "stem-a", "con_tag": "v5s", "detail": "short causative" }, "===te-based forms===", "mere te auxiliaries", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "しまう", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5u", "detail": "finish/completely/end up" }, "personal te auxiliaries", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ください", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "adj-i", "detail": "polite request" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "あげる", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5r", "detail": "do for someone" }, "grammatical aspect forms", "FIXME: add the てる とる etc. conjugations; though the てる conjugation needs a bunch of annoying traps", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "いる", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "teiru" }, { "type": "contextrule", "contextrule": "v1inftrap", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "る", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "teru (teiru)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "おる", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5r", "detail": "teoru" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": ["て", "で"], "con_end": ["とる", "どる"], "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5r", "detail": "toru (teoru)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ある", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5r-i", "detail": "tearu" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "いく", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5k-s", "detail": "teiku" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "く", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5k-s", "detail": "teku (teiku)" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "くる", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "vk", "detail": "tekuru" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "おく", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5k", "detail": "for now" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": ["て", "で"], "con_end": ["とく", "どく"], "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "v5k", "detail": "toku (for now)" }, "nonverbal functions of the te form", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "は", "dec_tag": "stem-te", "con_tag": "topic-condition", "detail": "topic/condition" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "は", "dec_tag": "stem-te-defective", "con_tag": "topic-condition", "detail": "topic/condition" }, "TODO: ても too?", "===ren'youkei based forms===", { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "なさい", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "kind request" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "な", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "casual kind request" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ながら", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "while" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "たり", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "tari" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "だり", "dec_tag": "stem-ren-less-v", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "tari" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "ったり", "dec_tag": "stem-ka", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "tari" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "たい", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "adj-i", "detail": "want" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "", "con_end": "すぎる", "dec_tag": "stem-ren", "con_tag": "v1", "detail": "too much" }, "===transparent contractions===", { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "てしまう", "con_end": "ちゃう", "dec_tag": "v5u", "con_tag": "v5u", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "でしまう", "con_end": "じゃう", "dec_tag": "v5u", "con_tag": "v5u", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "てしまう", "con_end": "ちまう", "dec_tag": "v5u", "con_tag": "v5u", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "でしまう", "con_end": "じまう", "dec_tag": "v5u", "con_tag": "v5u", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "ては", "con_end": "ちゃ", "dec_tag": "topic-condition", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "stdrule", "dec_end": "では", "con_end": "じゃ", "dec_tag": "topic-condition", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "ければ", "con_end": "けりゃ", "dec_tag": "uninflectable", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "contracted" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "ければ", "con_end": "きゃ", "dec_tag": "uninflectable", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "contracted" }, "other", { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "ん", "dec_tag": "v1", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "slurred" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "ん", "dec_tag": "v5r", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "slurred" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "ん", "dec_tag": "v5aru", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "slurred" }, { "type": "onlyfinalrule", "dec_end": "る", "con_end": "ん", "dec_tag": "vk", "con_tag": "uninflectable", "detail": "slurred" }, "// TODO: support for other verb types like vk (くる) (started, incomplete), vs_i (true する verbs), v5aru (なさる, くださる, etc), v4r (ござる, etc), ...", { "type": "substitution", "dec_end": [ "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9" ], "con_end": [ "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9" ], "detail": "" }, { "type": "substitution", "dec_end": "叱", "con_end": "𠮟", "detail": "" } ]